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Military Use of Schools
Military Use of Schools is a term used to refer to the various activities that national armed forces and non-state armed groups carry out in and around schools, universities, and other education facilities, in support of their military effort.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.protectingeducation.org/sites/default/files/documents/lessons_in_war.pdf )〕 Examples of this include using a school or a university as barracks or bases, for offensive or defensive deployments, for storage of weapons or ammunition, for military training of soldiers, as observation posts, and as a detention facility.
According to the UN Secretary-General: "The use of schools for military purposes puts children at risk of attack and hampers children’s right to education... Such use of schools not only results in reduced enrolment and high drop out rates, especially among girls, but also may lead to schools being considered legitimate targets for attack."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N13/311/67/PDF/N1331167.pdf?OpenElement )〕
== Countries and groups involved in military use of schools ==
According to the (Global Coalition to Protect Education from Attack ), between 2005 and 2015 there were instances of military use of schools in Afghanistan, Burma/Myanmar, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Georgia, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Palestinian Territory, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Myanmar, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Syria, Thailand, Uganda, Ukraine, Yemen and Zimbabwe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.protectingeducation.org/sites/default/files/documents/lessons_in_war_2015_0.pdf )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://protectingeducation.org/sites/default/files/documents/eua_2014_full_0.pdf )〕
According to the UN Secretary-General the following groups used schools for military purposes during 2014: National Security Forces, National Army, Police, as well as the Taliban in Afghanistan; international forces of MISCA and of the "Sangaris Operation" in the Central African Republic; the FARC-EP in Colombia; the armed forces and the Rayia Mutomboki in the Democratic Republic of Congo; the National Security Forces and ISIL in Iraq; Palestinian armed elements as the Israeli security forces; the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA), the Haut conseil pour l'unité de l'Azawad, the Arab Movement of Azawad, the Coalition du peuple pour l'Azawad, as well as by peacekeeping forces of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali; the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters; the national armed forces, Al-Shabaab and international forces of AMISOM in Somalia; several armed actors in South Sudan; the national army in Sudan; the People's Protection Units, the Free Syrian Army, and ISIL in Syria; armed groups and armed forces in Yemen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/69/926&Lang=E&Area=UNDOC )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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